Opawica Lake

Opawica Lake
Opawica Lake
	Watershed of Nottaway River
	Opawica Lake
Location	Eeyou Istchee Baie-James (municipality)
Coordinates	49°36′56″N 75°56′52″W / 49.61556°N 75.94778°W
Type	Lake of dam
Primary inflows	Opawica River (discharge of Wachigabau Lake); Dalime creek; .
Primary outflows	Opawica River
Basin countries	Canada
Max. length	17.1 kilometres (10.6 mi)
Max. width	7.3 kilometres (4.5 mi)
Surface elevation	301 metres (988 ft)

Opawica Lake is a freshwater body crossed by the Opawica River in the southern part of Eeyou Istchee James Bay (municipality), in Jamésie, in the administrative region of Nord-du-Québec, in the province of Quebec, in Canada. This lake extends into the townships of Boyvinet, Lesueur, Ghent and Esperance.

Forestry is the main economic activity of the sector. Recreational tourism activities come second with a navigable body of water 22.1 kilometres (13.7 mi) from one end to the other, skirting Opawica Island. This lake is formed by an enlargement of the Opawica River and includes a dam at its mouth.

The northern and western portions of the Lake Opawica watershed are accessible via the forest road route 113 linking Chibougamau to Lebel-sur-Quévillon. A forest road serving the southern, eastern and northern shores of Opawica and Wachigabau lakes connects via the north to route 113. The southern part is accessible through the Canadian National Railway which passes between these two lakes.

The surface of Opawica Lake is usually frozen from early November to mid-May, however, safe ice movement is generally from mid-November to mid-April.

Geography

This lake has a length of 17.1 kilometres (10.6 mi), a maximum width of 7.3 kilometres (4.5 mi) and an altitude of 301 metres (988 ft). The shape of the lake resembles an ax whose sharp part is oriented towards the North.

Opawaca Island (length: 3.6 kilometres (2.2 mi), almost round shape) is located in western part of the lac. The size of this island with a mountain peak of 360 metres (1,180 ft) significantly reduces the water surface of this part of the lake. The eastern part of the lake that stretches out at 11.6 kilometres (7.2 mi) is narrow and elongated and collects the waters of Dalime Creek (from the North).

Gabriel Lake is the source of the Opawica River, which flows northwest into a succession of rapids. The Opawica River from the East first crosses Lichen Lake and Wachigabau Lake, then flows into Lake Opawica via two points of entry, which are located at each end of Gull Island (length: 5.1 kilometres (3.2 mi); width: 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi)). This island and the two peninsulas (one extending westward on 3.3 kilometres (2.1 mi) from the east shore, and the other from the west stretching on 6.2 kilometres (3.9 mi)) form a strip of land of 14.6 kilometres (9.1 mi) in length that runs the full length of the Canadian National Railway.

The mouth of Opawica Lake has a dam and is located at the bottom of a bay north of the western part of the lake, at:

8.5 kilometres (5.3 mi) South of the mouth of the Opawica River;
30.0 kilometres (18.6 mi) northeast of Lake Waswanipi;
9.3 kilometres (5.8 mi) south of the village center of Waswanipi;
74.9 kilometres (46.5 mi) east of the mouth of Goéland Lake (Waswanipi River);
284.8 kilometres (177.0 mi) south-east of the mouth of the Nottaway River;
125.2 kilometres (77.8 mi) east of downtown Matagami;
116.3 kilometres (72.3 mi) south-west of downtown Chibougamau.^[1]

The main hydrographic slopes near Opawica Lake are:

North side: Opawica River, Chibougamau River, Waswanipi River;
East side: Opawica River;
South side: Wachigabau Lake, Opawica River, Lichen Lake, Nicobi River;
West side: Bachelor River, Lake Waswanipi.

From the dam at the mouth of Opawica Lake, the course of the Opawica River flows over 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) first to the northeast to a river bend, then northwesterly to its confluence with the Chibougamau River. This confluence of these two rivers becomes the head of the Waswanipi River.

Toponymy

This body of water is indicated under the graph "Opawakow Sagagan Gold Sandy Point L." on the map of explorations of Henry O'Sullivan (1897-1899), published in 1900.

This toponym is mentioned in the Dictionary of Rivers and Lakes of the Province of Quebec in 1925; this word Cree means there is a pass, a narrowing between sandbanks.^[2]

The toponym "Lake Opawica" was formalized on December 5, 1968, by the Commission de toponymie du Québec, i.e. at the creation of this commission.^[3]

Notes and references

^ Distances from the Atlas of Canada (published on the Internet) of the Department of Natural Resources Canada.
^ Source: Names and Places of Quebec, a work of the Commission de toponymie du Québec, published in 1994 and 1996 in the form of a dictionary illustrated printed, and under that of a CD-ROM made by the company Micro-Intel, in 1997, from this dictionary.
^ Commission de toponymie du Québec - Bank of Place Names - Toponym: "Opawica Lake"

Geography

Toponymy

Notes and references

See also